feat: improve background removal feathering

- replace hard binary thresholding with smooth
  linear alpha mapping to reduce halos around
  foreground edges especially in low
  resolution images
- normalize now uses a quadratic curve instead
  of hard binarization so that gradient info
  from the model output is preserved
- removebackgroundasync applies a configurable
  linear interpolation between the set min and
  max feathering thresholds so you have partial
  transparency at the edges

src/BGR.Console.Tests/Unit/ImageSharpProcessorTests.cs

@@ -183,7 +183,10 @@ public class ImageSharpProcessorTests : IDisposable
     await mask.SaveAsPngAsync(maskStream);
     maskStream.Position = 0;
 
-    var result = await _sut.RemoveBackgroundAsync(imageStream, maskStream);
+    const byte featherMin = 70;
+    const byte featherMax = 117;
+
+    var result = await _sut.RemoveBackgroundAsync(imageStream, maskStream, featherMin, featherMax);
 
     result.ShouldNotBeNull();
     result.Length.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
@@ -203,6 +206,37 @@ public class ImageSharpProcessorTests : IDisposable
     resultImage[1, 1].A.ShouldBe((byte)255);
   }
 
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task RemoveBackgroundAsync_WithMidRangeMaskValue_ShouldApplyPartialAlpha()
+  {
+    using var imageStream = new MemoryStream();
+    using var image = new Image<Rgba32>(1, 1);
+    image[0, 0] = new Rgba32(100, 150, 200, 255);
+    await image.SaveAsPngAsync(imageStream);
+    imageStream.Position = 0;
+
+    using var maskStream = new MemoryStream();
+    using var mask = new Image<Rgba32>(1, 1);
+    mask[0, 0] = new Rgba32(100, 100, 100, 255);
+    await mask.SaveAsPngAsync(maskStream);
+    maskStream.Position = 0;
+
+    const byte featherMin = 70;
+    const byte featherMax = 117;
+
+    var result = await _sut.RemoveBackgroundAsync(imageStream, maskStream, featherMin, featherMax);
+
+    result.Position = 0;
+    using var resultImage = await Image.LoadAsync<Rgba32>(result);
+
+    resultImage[0, 0].R.ShouldBe((byte)100);
+    resultImage[0, 0].G.ShouldBe((byte)150);
+    resultImage[0, 0].B.ShouldBe((byte)200);
+
+    var expectedAlpha = (byte)((100 - 70) / (float)(117 - 70) * 255f);
+    resultImage[0, 0].A.ShouldBe(expectedAlpha);
+  }
+
   [Fact]
   public async Task SaveImageAsync_WhenCalled_ItShouldSaveImageToDiskAtProvidedPath()
   {

src/BGR.Console.Tests/Unit/RemovalCommandTests.cs

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public class RemovalCommandTests : IDisposable
       .ReturnsAsync(maskStream);
 
     _imageProcessorMock
-      .Setup(p => p.RemoveBackgroundAsync(image.Data, maskStream))
+      .Setup(p => p.RemoveBackgroundAsync(image.Data, maskStream, It.IsAny<byte>(), It.IsAny<byte>()))
       .ReturnsAsync(outputStream);
 
     var commandContext = new CommandContext(
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class RemovalCommandTests : IDisposable
     _imageProcessorMock.Verify(p => p.CreateTensorInputAsync(image.Data, model), Times.Once);
     _inferenceRunnerMock.Verify(r => r.Run(model.Bytes, inputTensor), Times.Once);
     _imageProcessorMock.Verify(p => p.GenerateMaskAsync(outputTensor, image.Width, image.Height), Times.Once);
-    _imageProcessorMock.Verify(p => p.RemoveBackgroundAsync(image.Data, maskStream), Times.Once);
+    _imageProcessorMock.Verify(p => p.RemoveBackgroundAsync(image.Data, maskStream, It.IsAny<byte>(), It.IsAny<byte>()), Times.Once);
     _imageProcessorMock.Verify(p => p.SaveImageAsync(outputStream, It.IsAny<string>()), Times.AtLeastOnce);
 
     File.Delete(imagePath);

src/BGR.Console/Removal/ImageProcessor.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ internal abstract class ImageProcessor
 
   public abstract Task<Stream> GenerateMaskAsync(ITensor<float> maskTensor, int width, int height);
 
-  public abstract Task<Stream> RemoveBackgroundAsync(Stream image, Stream mask);
+  public abstract Task<Stream> RemoveBackgroundAsync(Stream image, Stream mask, byte featherMin, byte featherMax);
 
   public abstract Task SaveImageAsync(Stream image, string path);
 

src/BGR.Console/Removal/ImageSharp/ImageSharpProcessor.cs

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ internal class ImageSharpProcessor : ImageProcessor
     return stream;
   }
 
-  public override async Task<Stream> RemoveBackgroundAsync(Stream image, Stream mask)
+  public override async Task<Stream> RemoveBackgroundAsync(Stream image, Stream mask, byte featherMin, byte featherMax)
   {
     image.Position = 0;
     mask.Position = 0;
@@ -76,19 +76,14 @@ internal class ImageSharpProcessor : ImageProcessor
     var maskImage = await Image.LoadAsync<Rgba32>(mask);
     using var imageWithBgRemoved = new Image<Rgba32>(imageWithBg.Width, imageWithBg.Height);
 
-    const byte alphaThreshold = 20;
-    var transparentPixel = new Rgba32(0, 0, 0, 0);
-
     WalkImage(imageWithBg.Height, imageWithBg.Width, (x, y) =>
     {
       var sourcePixel = imageWithBg[x, y];
       var maskPixel = maskImage[x, y];
 
-      var alpha = maskPixel.R;
+      var alpha = AdjustAlpha(maskPixel.R, featherMin, featherMax);
 
-      imageWithBgRemoved[x, y] = alpha > alphaThreshold
+      imageWithBgRemoved[x, y] = new Rgba32(sourcePixel.R, sourcePixel.G, sourcePixel.B, alpha);
-        ? new Rgba32(sourcePixel.R, sourcePixel.G, sourcePixel.B, sourcePixel.A)
-        : transparentPixel;
     });
 
     var result = new MemoryStream();
@@ -107,12 +102,7 @@ internal class ImageSharpProcessor : ImageProcessor
 
   private static float Normalize(float value)
   {
-    const float binarizationThreshold = 0.5f;
+    return value * value;
-    const float normalizationFactor = 2f;
-
-    return value > binarizationThreshold
-        ? (value - binarizationThreshold) * normalizationFactor
-        : 0f;
   }
 
   private static byte ConvertToGreyscale(float value)
@@ -129,4 +119,15 @@ internal class ImageSharpProcessor : ImageProcessor
 
     return sigmoidScale / (sigmoidShift + MathF.Exp(sigmoidDivisor * x));
   }
+
+  private static byte AdjustAlpha(byte maskValue, byte minVal, byte maxVal)
+  {
+    if (maskValue <= minVal)
+      return 0;
+    if (maskValue >= maxVal)
+      return 255;
+
+    float proportion = (maskValue - minVal) / (float)(maxVal - minVal);
+    return (byte)(proportion * 255f);
+  }
 }

src/BGR.Console/Removal/RemovalCommand.cs

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ internal class RemovalCommand(
         ctx.Status("Removing background...");
         var output = await _logger.TimeAndLogActionAsync(
           "Removing background",
-          async () => await _imageProcessor.RemoveBackgroundAsync(image.Data, mask)
+          async () => await _imageProcessor.RemoveBackgroundAsync(image.Data, mask, settings.FeatherMin, settings.FeatherMax)
         );
 
         if (settings.IncludeMask)
@@ -115,6 +115,14 @@ internal class RemovalCommand(
     [Description("Path to output image without background to. File extension will always be .png")]
     public string Output { get; init; } = string.Empty;
 
+    [CommandOption("--feather-min")]
+    [Description("Minimum mask value below which pixels become fully transparent (default: 70)")]
+    public byte FeatherMin { get; init; } = 70;
+
+    [CommandOption("--feather-max")]
+    [Description("Maximum mask value above which pixels become fully opaque (default: 117)")]
+    public byte FeatherMax { get; init; } = 117;
+
     public string ResourceName => Models[Model];
 
     public string MaskPath => GetOutputPath("_mask");